Vnitřní lékařství, 2013 (vol. 59), issue 11

Editorial

Úloha biomarkerů v časné diagnostice kardiotoxicity onkologické léčby - editorial

L. Elbl, P. Balcárková

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):949-952

Kardiální biomarkery - editorial

A. Jabor, J. Franeková

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):953-954

Original articles

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and distal symmetrical diabetic polyneuropathy, and glomerular filtration screening upon the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus - a cohort study

L. Buková, P. Galajda, M. Mokáň

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):955-960

The prospective cohort study analyzes the prevalence of microvascular complications at the time of diagnosis type 2 diabetes (DM 2). We were monitoring 200 outpatients (117 men and 83 women, aged from 30 to 92 years) with newly diagnosed and previously untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus during the period of August 2007 - August 2011 accidentally sending GP or internists. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in men was 0.85% and in women 1.2%. The prevalence of diabetic distal symetric polyneuropathy in men was 53% and in women 62%. The median of glomerular filtration based on a simplified MDRD-4 equation (according to the study Modification of Diet in...

Serious sepsis treatment in intensive care departments in the Czech Republic - EPOSS Project pilot results

J. Maláska, M. Slezák, D. Schwarz, J. Jarkovský, M. Adamus, K. Cvachovec, V. Černý, P. Dostál, M. Fořtová, E. Havel, I. Herold, E. Kasal, R. Kula, J. Maňák, M. Matějovič, D. Nalos, R. Pařízková, A. Šobáňová, V. Šrámek, J. Tichý, R. Turek, I. Zýková, L. Dušek, P. Ševčík, V. Agalarev, P. Bakalík, V. Belanová, J. Cerman, L. Číž, L. Dadák, J. Duba, J. Fortunato, T. Gabrhelík, R. Gál, R. Hůlek, O. Hrdý, M. Huchý, I. Chytra, D. Klimeš, J. Klučka, M. Kratochvíl, L. Kosková, J. Máca, O. Mašlík, M. Matysová, P. Minarčíková, J. Molnárová, H. Ondrášková, M. Pelichovská, J. Polák, R. Schwarz, J. Stašek, E. Straževská, H. Suchomelová, P. Suk, P. Štourač, J. Tichý, M. Wolfová, R. Uvízl, H. Zapletalová, J. Zatloukal, I. Zimová

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):962-970

Introduction:Severe sepsis is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality, which is however different, as well as its management, depending on the region. What is the situation in the Czech Republic and what is the character of patients with severe sepsis is currently not known. The aim of the project is to describe the processes of care, outcome and characteristics of patients with severe sepsis admitted to the intensive care department of the Czech Republic. Methods:This is a multicentre and observational project with retrospective enrollment of patients who meet the criteria for severe sepsis before or within...

The new blood test biomarker SEPT9 and colorectal carcinoma screening

Z. Beneš, M. Šedivcová, Z. Antoš, P. Kohout, G. Puškárová, M. Černík, M. Rozmahel, M. Shánělová, J. Dolina, A. Hep, M. Trubač, J. Stehlík, T. Vaněček, M. Michal, J. Šimša, Z. Kala

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):971-976

Due to its high incidence and mortality rates, the colorectal carcinoma represents a crucial medical issue. However, when it is detected in early stage there is high rate of successful treatment. That's why, early stage cancer screening programmes were introduced into the clinical practice. They focus on the finding of hidden bleeding, using various laboratory techniques, sigmoidoscopy, and, primarily, colonoscopy. However, screening programmes have not yet reached the effect required. New techniques are therefore being developed, such as the detection of blood biomarkers. This group includes also methylated SEPT9 (mSEPT9) detection in blood. We applied...

Guidelines

Management of superficialis thrombophlebitis. Guidelines of the Angiologiy Section of the Slovak Medical Chamber (2013)

P. Gavorník, A. Dukát, Ľ. Gašpar

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):1009-1016

The aim of Guidelines of the Angiology Section of the Slovak Medical Chamber (AS SMC) is to address a last european guidelines for the management of thrombophlebitis superficialis, as well as results in evidence-based-medicine (EBM) in order to assess their contribution to our expanding knowledge on rational management of thrombophlebitis superficialis. Discussion:Superficial thrombophlebitis is a common disease, usually considered to be benign. However, the practice of systemic duplex ultrasonography has revealed a large number of cases of deep vein thrombosis concomitant with superficial thrombophlebitis. Assessment of clinical...

Reviews

Possibilities of genetic diagnostics of intestine tumour and inflammatory diseases in Slovakia

B. Desatová, M. Bátovský, I. Mlkvá

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):977-980

In recent years, gastroenterologists focused their interest on finding the genetic background of inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. NOD2/CARD15 gene is still the most investigated gene of all known genes and its mutations can explain approximately 20% of genetic predisposition to Crohn's disease. From later identified genes that play an important role in the etiology of Crohn's disease, the IL23R and ATG16L1 genes have a perspective place. In the case of hereditary colorectal cancer, we can select by the help of genetic diagnostics, the group of patients with high risk of colon cancer, which requires more intensive monitoring. The aim is...

Inflammatory response and C-reactive protein value in patient with acute coronary syndrome

L. Kubková, J. Špinar, M. Pávková Goldbergová, J. Jarkovský, J. Pařenica

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):981-988

Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome as well as in the process of atherosclerosis in general. At the moment of myocardial ischaemia, local and systemic inflammatory reaction is amplified; in ischaemic myocardium there is increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin-6, which mediates C-reactive protein (CRP) production by hepatocytes. CRP activates the complement cascade and thereby contributes to the lysis and removal of damaged cardiomyocytes. Whereas in a healthy population CRP levels range from 1.2 to 2.0 mg /l, in patients with ACS the levels of CRP significantly increase...

Thyrostatic treatment and its adverse effects

A. Dokupilová, J. Payer

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):989-995

Antithyroid drugs are relatively simple molecules known as thionamides, which contain a sulfhydryl group and a thiourea moiety within a heterocyclic structure. Propylthiouracil (6-propyl-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-one) and methimazole (1-metyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazole-2-thione) are the antithyroid drugs used in the United States. Methimazole is used in most of Europe and Asia, and carbimazole - methimazole analogue, is used in the United Kingdom and parts of the former British Commonwealth. Their primary effect is to inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis by interfering with thyroid peroxidase-mediated iodination of tyrosine residues...

Role of cardiac biomarkers in monitoring of cardiotoxicity after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Ľ. Roziaková, B. Mladosievičová

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):996-1002

Advances in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have increased survival in hematologic diseases. However, HSCT survivors are at risk of developing acute and long-term complications. Cardiac events, such as heart failure, myocardial ischemia and arrhythmias may represent potentially life-threatening conditions. Acute cardiotoxicity can occur during the first 100 days after HSCT. Conditioning regimens, including total body irradiation and high-dose chemotherapy, previous chemoradiotherapy, including anthracyclines and chest irradiation, are known to be associated with an increased risk of cardiac complications after HSCT. Infectious complications...

SAVOR-TIMI 53 - Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

J. Špinar, A. Šmahelová

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):1003-1007

Background:The type 2 Diabetes Mellitus treatment is currently effective but still not ideal. A therapy based on the incretins, which represents a significant qualitative progress, is close to an ideal. The first completed mortality study with dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-4) inhibitors is the study called SAVOR as presented in Amsterdam during the European Cardiology Congress in 2013. Metho-dology:SAVOR (Saxagliptin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus) randomised 16,492 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and a high-risk of cardiovascular events treated with current per oral antidiabetics...

Case reports

The value of ECG assessment in pulmonary embolism diagnostics

S. Daruľová, M. Stančík, P. Galajda, M. Belicová, M. Mokáň

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):1017-1021

Acute pulmonary embolism is one of the most frequent and risky cardiovascular diseases. Despite accessability of different examinig methods and rich clinical experience, pulmonary embolism is demanding disease especially in diagnostics. The reason might be in clinical picture, that is not typical everytime and leads to incorrect choice of diagnostic methods, that delay the disease assesment. Regarding this, precise evaluation of every each symptom and basal, resp. supplemental examinations is important step to rapid and right assesment of this diagnose.

Atypical fracture of metatarsal bone in a patient with multiple myeloma who was treated long-term with bisphosphonates

Z. Adam, A. Šprláková-Puková, R. Chaloupka, M. Krejčí, L. Pour, Z. Král, J. Mayer

Vnitr Lek 2013, 59(11):1022-1026

The first reports found in professional literature on the use of bisphosphonates as a treatment date back to 1972. We found the first report on the use of a bisphosphonate comprising nitrogen in its molecule in a publication from 1990. Some of the adverse effects of the particular types of bisphosphonates were described in the registration studies. At least two serious adverse effects of this group of medicines had not been described until 2000. We found the first description of jaw osteonecrosis in relation to the long-term application of bisphosphonates in a publication from 2002 and we found the first description of an atypical bone fracture originating...