Je to sepse, nebo není? A je presepsin tou správnou odpovědí? - editorial

Martin Matějovič

Vnitr Lek 2019, 65(7-8):468-469 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2019.082  

Vitamin D supplementation dose needs to be higher in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: interventional study

Vladimír Kojecký, Jan Matouš, Zdena Zádorová, Martin Gřiva, Bohuslav Kianička, Michal Uher

Vnitr Lek 2019, 65(7-8):470-474 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2019.083  

Introduction: Vitamin D (vitD) is a substance with an immunomodulatory effect. Its insufficiency has negative impact also on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) where it is often present. The recommended daily intake for general population is 600 UI/day (units/day). What is the necessary dose for IBD patients remains unknown. The aim of the study was to verify whether the 2,000 IU/day of vitD is sufficient for maintaining sustained levels in these patients. Methods: Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) were supplemented orally with 2,000 IU of cholecalciferol daily during winter time. The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin...

Pulmonary embolism: retrospective view at known disease

Margita Belicová, Milan Ochodnický, Jurina Sadloňová, Dana Prídavková, Marián Mokáň

Vnitr Lek 2019, 65(7-8):475-482 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2019.084  

Introduction: Acute pulmonary embolism, usually caused by thromboembolism is still a serious medical problem in spite of technical progress in diagnostics, as well as the enhancements in prophylactic and therapeutic options. Aim: The evaluation of characteristic, incidence, diagnostic, treatment and mortality rate of patients with pulmonary embolism hospitalized at the 1st Internal Clinic, University Hospital in Martin, within the years 1996-2017. Methods: The authors offer retrospective analysis of 699 (359 men) patients with pulmonary embolism. Diagnosis was confirmed by angiography, perfusion scan or computed tomography....

Stress within preventive cardiology

Marie Trešlová, Lenka Šedová, Věra Olišarová, Ivana Chloubová, Valérie Tóthová

Vnitr Lek 2019, 65(7-8):483-489 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2019.085  

Introduction: The mental, physical and social stress and pressure of present day influences the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Studies suggest that some psycho-social factors significantly increase the risk of CVD. But they are not paid the necessary attention. The goal of the study consisted in ascertaining how citizens assess their own mental health, how they perceive the influence of stress on CVD, how physicians and nurses work with them in the area of stress and how efficient their activity is. Research set and methods: The data ware collected via a non-standardized questionnaire leaded with face-to-face controlled...

Presepsin: what is important for correct interpretation

Antonín Jabor, Zdenek Kubíček, Magda Labanczová, Janka Franeková

Vnitr Lek 2019, 65(7-8):490-496 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2019.086  

Introduction: Presepsin (soluble CD14 subtype) is a new biomarker of infection and sepsis. Correct interpretation is based on the knowledge of analytical reliability, biological variation, decision limits, and diagnostic effectivity. Aim: The aim of the study was to verify analytical precision of presepsin measurements, to assess biological variation in healthy subjects, to verify reference and decision limits, to assess diagnostic effectivity, and to compare data with commonly used septic biomarkers - procalcitonin (PCT), CRP and interleukin 6 (IL6). Material and methods: Analytical precision (repeatability and intermediate...

Presepsin in the diagnostics of sepsis

Marcela Káňová, Radim Dobiáš, Kateřina Liszková, Michal Frelich, Renáta Ječmínková, Roman Kula

Vnitr Lek 2019, 65(7-8):497-505 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2019.087  

Sepsis remains one of the most common causes of death worldwide. It is caused by a complex of inadequate host responses to infection. It is also often difficult to distinguish sepsis from a non-infectious cause of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Early identification of an infectious origin may dramatically help to improve the outcome and reduce mortality. That is the main reason why clinicians need fast, reliable and specific biomarkers for recognition of sepsis. Presepsin (sCD-14ST) is one of promising biomarkers, the level of which increases in response to a microbial infection in the host. As a glycoprotein expressed in the membranes of...

Aortic dissection and other acute aortic syndromes in the emergency department

Radka Volovárová, Štefan Volovár, Jan Lhotský, Jan Baxa, Martin Matějovič

Vnitr Lek 2019, 65(7-8):506-514 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2019.088  

Acute aortic syndromes are emergent life-threatening conditions affecting the aorta, which actual incidence is difficult to determine. Mortality of untreated patients increases steadily over time, so early diagnosis and initiation of therapy are crucial. Management of patients in Czech Republic follow, similar as in other European countries, the European Society of Cardiology guidelines from 2014, which were updated in 2018. The basis for diagnosis consists of history, physical examination, ECG, determination of vital signs, hemodynamic status and stratification of diagnosis probability by ADD-RS (aortic dissection detection risk score). This is followed...

Non-hematogenic activity of erythropoietin

Luboslav Stárka, Michaela Dušková

Vnitr Lek 2019, 65(7-8):515-519 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2019.089  

The cytokine erythropoietin is the main hemopoietic factor synthesized mainly by the kidney. However, erythropoietin and its receptors are expressed in several tissues and exert pleiotropic activities also in nonhemopoietic tissues. Erythropoietin has an antiapoptotic activity and plays a potential neuroprotective, nefroprotective and cardioprotective role against ischemia and other type of injury. Erythropoietin is also involved in angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and the immune response. It can prevent metabolic alterations, vascular and neuronal degeneration, and inflammatory cell activation. Erythropoietin reduces hyperglycaemia and retards proliferative...

Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease and the first type of autoimmune form of pancreatitis: case report

Tomáš Kupka, Ivo Novotný, Lumír Kunovský, Magdalena Uvírová, Martin Blaho, Jana Dvořáčková, Petr Dítě

Vnitr Lek 2019, 65(7-8):520-523 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2019.090  

The autoimmune form of pancreatitis (AIP) is divided into the following two subtypes. The 1st subtype is characterized by the high presence of immunoglobulin G4 in the blood serum and tissue of some organs which are in the close connection to the so called IgG4 associated disorders. The typical diagnostic signs of AIP are the histomorphological changes. This type of AIP is more frequent than the 2^nd type with which has however some common histomorphological signs and mainly the positive response to the administered steroids used in the initial treatment. Whilst the 1^st type of AIP is typically connected to the disorders of various...

Jiří Beneš. Antibiotika - systematika, vlastnosti, použití

Vnitr Lek 2019, 65(7-8):527-528  

Diosmin - still an important modality in the treatment of venous insufficiency

Jiří Slíva

Vnitr Lek 2019, 65(7-8):524-526 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2019.091  

Chronic venous insufficiency is a highly prevalent disease in the western population. Unfortunately, there is no causal treatment yet. A key role in the recommended therapeutic approaches, especially in the early stages, is the compression therapy accompanied by pharmacotherapy. This includes, inter alia, micronized diosmin. The following text summarizes the basic knowledge of its properties that determine its clinical use.