Vnitr Lek 2009, 55(10):961-966

Gastric neuroendocrine tumors

O. Louthan
Ambulance pro neuroendokrinní nádory IV. interní kliniky 1. lékařské fakulty UK a VFN Praha, přednosta prof. MUDr. Aleš Žák, DrSc.

The aim of the article is to present the state-of-the art in terms of diagnosis and therapy of these rare, usually biologically inactive neuroendocrine tumors, being classified into three main types. They differ from each other according to the conditions of their origin, biological properties and management. Recent classification according to WHO and ENETS (European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society) and proposal of TNM classification are presented. Diagnostic methods and therapeutical procedures, including experimental approaches, are outlined.

Keywords: endoscopic mucosal resection; neuroendocrine tumors; proliferation index; somatostatin analogues

Received: April 1, 2009; Accepted: April 4, 2009; Published: October 1, 2009  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Louthan O. Gastric neuroendocrine tumors. Vnitr Lek. 2009;55(10):961-966.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Solcia E, Klöppel G, Sobin, LH. Histological Typing of Endocrine Tumours. Second Edition, World Health Organisation, International Histological Classification of Tumours. Berlin, New York: Springer 2000. Go to original source...
    2. Williams ED, Sandler M. The classification of carcinoid tumours. Lancet 1963; 281: 238-239. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    3. Modlin IM, Kidd M, Latich I et al. Current status of gastrointestinal carcinoids. Gastroenterology 2005; 128: 1717-1751. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    4. Kloppel G, Perren A, Heitz PU. The gastroenteropatic neuroendocrine cell system and its tumors: the WHO classification. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004; 1014: 13-27. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. Thomas RM, Baybick JH, Elsayed AM et al. Gastric carcinoids: an immunohistochemical and clinicopathological study of 104 patients. Cancer 1994; 73: 2053-2058. Go to original source...
    6. Varro A, Kenny S, Pritchard DM et al. Functional Regulation of the ECL Cell. 172-177. In: A Century of Advanced in Neuroendocrine Tumor Biology and Treatment. Managing Editor Irvin Modlin. Published by Felsenstein C.C.C.P. 463.
    7. Ruszniewski P, Delle Fave G, Cadiot G et al. Well-Differentiated Gastric Tumors/Carcinomas. In: Neuroendocrinology, Basel: Karger AS 2006, Vol. 84, No. 3, 158-164. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Modlin IM, Lye KD, Kidd M. A 50-year analysis of 13,715 carcinoid tumors. Cancer 2003; 97: 934-959. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Norton JA, Melcher ML, Gibril F et al. Gastric carcinoid tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia-1 patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome can be symptomatic, demonstrate aggressive growth, and require surgical treatment. Surgery 2004; 136: 1267-1274. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Lehy T, Cadiot G, Mignon G et al. Influence of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 on gastric endocrine cells in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Gut 1992; 33: 1275-1279. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    11. Klöppel G, Rindi G, Anlauf M et al. Site-specific biology and pathology of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Virchows Arch 2007; 451 (Suppl 1): S9-S27. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    12. Bordi C, D'Adda T, Azzoni C et al. Hypergastrinemia and gastric enterochromaffin-like cells. Am J Surg 1995; 19 (Suppl 1): S8-S19.
    13. Leotlela PD, Jauch A, Holtgreve-Grez H et al. Genetics of neuroendocrine and carcinoid tumours. Endocrine-related Cancer 2003; 10: 437-450. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    14. Rindi G, Klöppel G, Ahlman H et al. TNM staging of foregut (neuro)endocrine tumors: a consensus proposal including a grading system. Virchows Arch 2006; 449: 395-401. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Peracchi M, Gebbia C, Basilisco G et al. Plasma chromogranin A in patients with autoimmune chronic atrophic gastritis, enterochromaffin-like cell lesion and gastric carcinoids. Eur J Endocrinol 2005; 152: 443-448. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. Granberg D, Stridsberg M, Seensalu R et al. Plasma chromogranin A in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. J Clin Endocrin Metab 1999; 84: 2712-2717. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Brugge WR. The Role of Endoscopy and Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Management of Upper GI and Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. In: A Century of Advances in Neuroendocrine Tumor Biology and Treatment 2006, 308-315.
    18. Tomassetti P, Migliori M, Caletti GC et al. Treatment of type II gastric carcinoid tumors with somatostatin analogues. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 551-554. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    19. Tomassetti P, Migliori M, Caletti GC et al. Treatment of type II gastric carcinoid tumors with somatostatin analogues. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 551-554. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    20. Arnold R, Simon B, Wied M et al. Treatment of Neuroendocrine GEP Tumours with Somatostatin Analogues. Digestion 2000; 62 (Suppl 1): 84-91. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    21. Rindi G, Solcia E Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumors - Carcinoid and Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma, 246-253. In: A Century of Advanced in Neuroendocrine Tumor Biology and Treatment. Managing Editor Irvin Modlin. Published by Felsenstein C.C.C.P., 463.
    22. Ahlman H, Kolby L, Lundell L et al. Clinical management of gastric carcinoid tumors. Digestion 1994; 55 (Suppl 3): 77-85. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    23. Gustafsson BI, Kidd M, Drozdov I et al. The Enterochromaffine Cell. 178-191. In: A Century of Advanced in Neuroendocrine Tumor Biology and Treatment. Managing Editor Irvin Modlin. Published by Felsenstein C.C.C.P., 463.
    24. Tiensuu Janson EM, Öberg K. Carcinoid tumours. Bailliere's Clinical Gastroenterology. 1996; Vol. 10, No. 4. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. Becker HD, Gabriel A. Therapy of carcinoids of the stomach. Langenbecks Arch. Chir 1996; 381: 18-22. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. Modlin IM, Lye KD, Kidd M. Carcinoid tumors of the stomach. Surg Oncol 2003; 12: 153-172. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    27. Lewington WJ. Targeted radionuclide therapy for neuroendocrine tumour. Endocrine-Related Cancer 2003; 10: 497-501. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    28. Rindi G, Azzoni C, La Rose S et al. ECL cell tumor and poorly differentiated endocrine carcinoma of the stomach: prognostic evaluation by pathological analysis. Gastroenterology 1999; 116: 532-542. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    29. Granberg D, Wilander E, Stridsberg M et al. Clinical symptoms, hormone profiles, treatment, and prognosis in patients with gastric carcinoids. Gut 1998; 43: 223-228. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    30. Rindi G, Azzoni C, La Rose S et al. ECL cell tumor and poorly differentiated endocrine carcinoma of the stomach: prognostic evaluation by pathological analysis. Gastroenterology 1999; 116: 532-542. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

    Return to the content


    Vnitřní lékařství

    Madam, Sir,
    please be aware that the website on which you intend to enter, not the general public because it contains technical information about medicines, including advertisements relating to medicinal products. This information and communication professionals are solely under §2 of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. Is active persons authorized to prescribe or supply (hereinafter expert).
    Take note that if you are not an expert, you run the risk of danger to their health or the health of other persons, if you the obtained information improperly understood or interpreted, and especially advertising which may be part of this site, or whether you used it for self-diagnosis or medical treatment, whether in relation to each other in person or in relation to others.

    I declare:

    1. that I have met the above instruction
    2. I'm an expert within the meaning of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. the regulation of advertising, as amended, and I am aware of the risks that would be a person other than the expert input to these sites exhibited

    No
    Yes

    If your statement is not true, please be aware
    that brings the risk of danger to their health or the health of others.