Vnitr Lek 2005, 51(5):578-582

Obstructive sleep apnea, hypertension and erectile dysfunction

M. Pohanka1,*, P. Kaňovský2
1 Sexuologické oddělení FN u sv. Anny, Brno, přednosta prim. MUDr. R. Hajnová
2 Neurologická klinika Lékařské fakulty UP a FN Olomouc, přednosta doc. MUDr. P. Kaňovský, CSc.

Erectile dysfunction and obstructive sleep apnea represent frequent, but generally underestimated phenomenon in clinical practice. Despite significant progress in understanding of erectile dysfunction pathophysiology, the mechanisms triggering onset and progression of organic erectile dysfunction are not completely known yet. Obstructive sleep apnea has several negative effects on the organism, causing autonomic, neurohumoral and endothelial dysfunction. There is an increased number of evidence that patients with obstructive sleep apnea may have increased risk for development of erectile dysfunction. This review will discuss potential pathophysiologic links between obstructive sleep apnea and erectile dysfunction.

Keywords: erectile dysfunction; sleep apnea

Received: September 16, 2004; Accepted: March 7, 2005; Published: May 1, 2005  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Pohanka M, Kaňovský P. Obstructive sleep apnea, hypertension and erectile dysfunction. Vnitr Lek. 2005;51(5):578-582.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Peppard PE, Young T, Palta M et al. Prospective study of the association between sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1378-1384. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    2. NIH Consensus Conference. Impotence. NIH Consensus Development Panel on Impotence. Jama 1993; 270: 83-90. Go to PubMed...
    3. Garban H, Marquez D, Cai L et al. Restoration of normal adult penile erectile response in aged rats by long-term treatment with androgens. Biol Reprod 1995; 53: 1365-1372. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    4. Dahiya R, Lin A, Bakircioglu ME et al. mRNA and protein expression of nitric oxide synthase and adrenoceptor alpha 1 in young and old rat penile tissues. Br J Urol 1997; 80: 300-306. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. Carrier S, Nagaraju P, Morgan DM, Baba K, Nunes L, Lue TF. Age decreases nitric oxide synthase-containing nerve fibers in the rat penis. J Urol 1997; 157: 1088-1092. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    6. Haas CA, Seftel AD, Razmjouei K et al. Erectile dysfunction in aging: upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Urology 1998; 51: 516-522. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    7. Johannes CB, Araujo AB, Feldman HA et al. Incidence of erectile dysfunction in men 40 to 69 years old: longitudinal results from the Massachusetts male aging study. J Urol 2000; 163: 460-463. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Melman A, Gingell JC. The epidemiology and pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction. J Urol 1999; 161: 5-11. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Saenz de Tejada I, Goldstein I. Diabetic penile neuropathy. Urol Clin North Am 1988; 15: 17-22. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Saenz de Tejada I, Goldstein I, Azadzoi K et al. Impaired neurogenic and endothelium-mediated relaxation of penile smooth muscle from diabetic men with impotence. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 1025-1030. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    11. Azadzoi KM, Saenz de Tejada I. Diabetes mellitus impairs neurogenic and endothelium-dependent relaxation of rabbit corpus cavernosum smooth muscle. J Urol 1992; 148: 1587-1591. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    12. Vernet D, Cai L, Garban H et al. Reduction of penile nitric oxide synthase in diabetic BB/WORdp (type I) and BBZ/WORdp (type II) rats with erectile dysfunction. Endocrinology 1995; 136: 5709-5717. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    13. Sullivan ME, Bell CR, Dashwood MR et al. Autoradiographic localization of nitric oxide synthase binding sites in normal and diabetic rat corpus cavernosum. Eur Urol 1996; 30: 506-511. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    14. Elabbady AA, Gagnon C, Hassouna MM et al. Diabetes mellitus increases nitric oxide synthase in penises but not in major pelvic ganglia of rats. Br J Urol 1995; 76: 196-202. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Seftel AD, Vaziri ND, Ni Z et al. Advanced glycation end products in human penis: elevation in diabetic tissue, site of deposition, and possible effect through iNOS or eNOS. Urology 1997; 50: 1016-1026. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. Azadzoi KM, Goldstein I. Erectile dysfunction due to atherosclerotic vascular disease: the development of an animal model. J Urol 1992; 147: 1675-1681. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Azadzoi KM, Park K, Andry C et al. Relationship between cavernosal ischemia and corporal veno-occlusive dysfunction in an animal model. J Urol 1997; 157: 1011-1017. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Azadzoi KM, Goldstein I, Siroky MB et al. Mechanisms of ischemia-induced cavernosal smooth muscle relaxation impairment in a rabbit model of vasculogenic erectile dysfunction. J Urol 1998; 160: 2216-2222. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    19. Mannino DM, Klevens RM, Flanders WD. Cigarette smoking: an independent risk factor for impotence? Am J Epidemiol 1994; 140: 1003-1008. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    20. Xie Y, Garban H, Ng C et al. Effect of long-term passive smoking on erectile function and penile nitric oxide synthase in the rat. J Urol 1997; 157: 1121-1126. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    21. Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J et al. The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1230-1235. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    22. Tishler PV, Larkin EK, Schluchter MD et al. Incidence of sleep-disordered breathing in an urban adult population: the relative importance of risk factors in the development of sleep-disordered breathing. JAMA 2003; 289: 2230-2237. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    23. Kára T, Souček M. Autonomní nervový systém. In: Souček M, Kára T. Klinická patofyziologie hypertenze. Praha: Grada 2002: 37-99.
    24. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA 2003; 289: 2560-2572. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. Kára T, Souček M, Kárová Š et al. Metabolický kardiovaskulární syndrom a sympatický nervový systém: je obstrukční spánková apnoe klíčem k pochopení? Vnitř Lék 2005; 51(1): 53-61.
    26. Arruda-Olson AM, Olson LJ, Nehra A et al. Sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease. Implications for understanding erectile dysfunction. Herz 2003; 28: 298-303. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    27. Hirshkowitz M, Karacan I, Arcasoy MO et al. Prevalence of sleep apnea in men with erectile dysfunction. Urology 1990; 36: 232-234. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    28. Bassiri A, Guillerminault C. Clinical features and evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. In: Kriger M, Roth T, Dement W. Principles and practice of sleep medicine. Philadelphia: Saunders 2000: 869-878.
    29. Schmidt HS, Wise HA. Significance of impaired penile tumescence and associated polysomnographic abnormalities in the impotent patient. J Urol 1981; 126: 348-352. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    30. Fanfulla F, Malaguti S, Montagna T et al. Erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnea: an early sign of nerve involvement. Sleep 2000; 23: 775-781. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    31. Luboshitzky R, Herer P, Levi M et al. Relationship between rapid eye movement sleep and testosterone secretion in normal men. J Androl 1999; 20: 731-737. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    32. Phillips BG, Narkiewicz K, Pesek CA et al. Effects of obstructive sleep apnea on endothelin-1 and blood pressure. J Hypertens 1999; 17: 61-66. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

    Return to the content


    Vnitřní lékařství

    Madam, Sir,
    please be aware that the website on which you intend to enter, not the general public because it contains technical information about medicines, including advertisements relating to medicinal products. This information and communication professionals are solely under §2 of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. Is active persons authorized to prescribe or supply (hereinafter expert).
    Take note that if you are not an expert, you run the risk of danger to their health or the health of other persons, if you the obtained information improperly understood or interpreted, and especially advertising which may be part of this site, or whether you used it for self-diagnosis or medical treatment, whether in relation to each other in person or in relation to others.

    I declare:

    1. that I have met the above instruction
    2. I'm an expert within the meaning of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. the regulation of advertising, as amended, and I am aware of the risks that would be a person other than the expert input to these sites exhibited

    No
    Yes

    If your statement is not true, please be aware
    that brings the risk of danger to their health or the health of others.