Vnitr Lek 2024, 70(3):152-156 | DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2024.032

Should we already deal with lipoprotein(a) in clinical practice?

Zuzana Vantová1, Otto Mayer Jr.1, 2
1 II. interní klinika, Lékařská fakulta v Plzni, Univerzita Karlova a Fakultní nemocnice Plzeň
2 Biomedicínské centrum, Lékařská fakulta v Plzni, Univerzita Karlova a Fakultní nemocnice Plzeň

Lipoprotein(a) represents a virtually overlooked risk factor. However, its pathophysiological mechanism leads to a non-negligible increase in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, additively beyond the risk mediated by conventional factors. Currently, several promising drugs are in the final phase of clinical development to directly affect lipoprotein(a) concentrations. It is therefore necessary to improve awareness of this factor in clinical practice and, in particular, proceed to its systematic screening.

Keywords: Lp(a), cardiovascular risk, screening, treatment.

Accepted: April 26, 2024; Published: May 6, 2024  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Vantová Z, Mayer O. Should we already deal with lipoprotein(a) in clinical practice? Vnitr Lek. 2024;70(3):152-156. doi: 10.36290/vnl.2024.032.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Berg K. A New Serum Type System in Man - The LP System. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1963;59:369-82. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    2. Pyorala K, De Backer G, Graham I, et al. Prevention of coronary heart disease in clinical practice. Recommendations of the Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology, European Atherosclerosis Society and European Society of Hypertension. Eur Heart J. 1994;15:1300-31. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    3. Nordestgaard BG, Chapman MJ, Ray K, et al. Lipoprotein(a) as a cardiovascular risk factor: current status. Eur Heart J. 2010;31:2844-53. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    4. Kronenberg F, Mora S, Stroes ESG, et al. Lipoprotein(a) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and aortic stenosis: a European Atherosclerosis Society consensus statement. Eur Heart J. 2022;43:3925-46. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. Vrablík M, Cífková R, Freiberger T, et al. Stanovisko ČSAT ke Konsenzu Evropské společnosti pro aterosklerózu: Lipoprotein(a) při aterosklerotických kardiovaskulárních onemocněních a aortální stenóze. AtheroRev. 2023;8:66-76.
    6. Bláha V. Lipoprotein(a) - the cardiovascular risk factor: significance and therapeutic possibilities. Vnitrni lekarstvi. 2019;64:1160-8. Go to original source...
    7. Erqou S, Thompson A, Di Angelantonio E, et al. Apolipoprotein(a) isoforms and the risk of vascular disease: systematic review of 40 studies involving 58,000 participants. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2010;55:2160-7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Mehta A, Jain V, Saeed A, et al. Lipoprotein(a) and ethnicities. Atherosclerosis. 2022;349:42-52. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Sandholzer C, Saha N, Kark JD, et al. Apo(a) isoforms predict risk for coronary heart disease. A study in six populations. Arteriosclerosis and thrombosis: a journal of vascular biology / American Heart Association. 1992;12:1214-26. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Kamstrup PR, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Steffensen R, Nordestgaard BG. Genetically elevated lipoprotein(a) and increased risk of myocardial infarction. Jama. 2009;301:2331-9. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    11. Willeit P, Ridker PM, Nestel PJ, et al. Baseline and on-statin treatment lipoprotein(a) levels for prediction of cardiovascular events: individual patient-data meta-analysis of statin outcome trials. Lancet. 2018;392:1311-20. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    12. Lamina C. Mendelian Randomization: Principles and its usage in Lp(a) research. Atherosclerosis. 2022;349:36-41. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    13. Nordestgaard BG, Langsted A. Lipoprotein (a) as a cause of cardiovascular disease: insights from epidemiology, genetics, and biology. Journal of lipid research. 2016;57:1953-75. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    14. Kamstrup PR, Nordestgaard BG. Elevated Lipoprotein(a) Levels, LPA Risk Genotypes, and Increased Risk of Heart Failure in the General Population. JACC Heart Fail. 2016;4:78-87. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Langsted A, Nordestgaard BG, Kamstrup PR. Elevated Lipoprotein(a) and Risk of Ischemic Stroke. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2019;74:54-66. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. Arnold M, Schweizer J, Nakas CT, et al. Lipoprotein(a) is associated with large artery atherosclerosis stroke aetiology and stroke recurrence among patients below the age of 60 years: results from the BIOSIGNAL study. Eur Heart J. 2021;42:2186-96. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Pan Y, Li H, Wang Y, Meng X, Wang Y. Causal Effect of Lp(a) (Lipoprotein(a)) Level on Ischemic Stroke and Alzheimer Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation. 2019;50:3532-9. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Arsenault BJ, Boekholdt SM, Dubé MP, et al. Lipoprotein(a) levels, genotype, and incident aortic valve stenosis: a prospective Mendelian randomization study and replication in a case-control cohort. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2014;7:304-10. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    19. Kamstrup PR, Tybjærg-Hansen A, Nordestgaard BG. Elevated lipoprotein(a) and risk of aortic valve stenosis in the general population. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2014;63:470-7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    20. Gudbjartsson DF, Thorgeirsson G, Sulem P, Helgadottir A, et al. Lipoprotein(a) Concentration and Risks of Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2019;74:2982-94. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    21. Parish S, Hopewell JC, Hill MR, et al. Impact of Apolipoprotein(a) Isoform Size on Lipoprotein(a) Lowering in the HPS2-THRIVE Study. Circ Genom Precis Med. 2018;11:e001696. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    22. Waldmann E, Parhofer KG. Lipoprotein apheresis to treat elevated lipoprotein (a). Journal of lipid research. 2016;57:1751-7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    23. O'Donoghue ML, Fazio S, Giugliano RP, et al. Lipoprotein(a), PCSK9 Inhibition, and Cardiovascular Risk. Circulation. 2019;139:1483-92. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    24. Szarek M, Bittner VA, Aylward P, et al. Lipoprotein(a) lowering by alirocumab reduces the total burden of cardiovascular events independent of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering: ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial. Eur Heart J. 2020;41:4245-55. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. O'Donoghue ML, Rosenson RS, Gencer B, et al. Small Interfering RNA to Reduce Lipoprotein(a) in Cardiovascular Disease. The New England journal of medicine. 2022;387:1855-64. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. Tsimikas S, Karwatowska-Prokopczuk E, Gouni-Berthold I, et al. Lipoprotein(a) Reduction in Persons with Cardiovascular Disease. The New England journal of medicine. 2020;382:244-55. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    27. Nicholls SJ, Nissen SE, Fleming C, et al. Muvalaplin, an Oral Small Molecule Inhibitor of Lipoprotein(a) Formation: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Jama. 2023;330:1042-53. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    28. Nissen SE, Linnebjerg H, Shen X, et al. Lepodisiran, an Extended-Duration Short Interfering RNA Targeting Lipoprotein(a): A Randomized Dose-Ascending Clinical Trial. Jama. 2023;330:2075-83. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    29. Lee RG, Mazzola AM, Braun MC, Platt C, et al. Efficacy and Safety of an Investigational Single-Course CRISPR Base-Editing Therapy Targeting PCSK9 in Nonhuman Primate and Mouse Models. Circulation. 2023;147:242-53. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    30. Doerfler AM, Park SH, Assini JM, et al. LPA disruption with AAV-CRISPR potently lowers plasma apo(a) in transgenic mouse model: A proof-of-concept study. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 2022;27:337-51. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    31. Scharnagl H, Stojakovic T, Dieplinger B, et al. Comparison of lipoprotein (a) serum concentrations measured by six commercially available immunoassays. Atherosclerosis. 2019;289:206-13. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    32. van Buuren F, Horstkotte D, Knabbe C, Hinse D, Mellwig KP. Incidence of elevated lipoprotein (a) levels in a large cohort of patients with cardiovascular disease. Clin Res Cardiol Suppl. 2017;12:55-9. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

    Return to the content


    Vnitřní lékařství

    Madam, Sir,
    please be aware that the website on which you intend to enter, not the general public because it contains technical information about medicines, including advertisements relating to medicinal products. This information and communication professionals are solely under §2 of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. Is active persons authorized to prescribe or supply (hereinafter expert).
    Take note that if you are not an expert, you run the risk of danger to their health or the health of other persons, if you the obtained information improperly understood or interpreted, and especially advertising which may be part of this site, or whether you used it for self-diagnosis or medical treatment, whether in relation to each other in person or in relation to others.

    I declare:

    1. that I have met the above instruction
    2. I'm an expert within the meaning of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. the regulation of advertising, as amended, and I am aware of the risks that would be a person other than the expert input to these sites exhibited

    No
    Yes

    If your statement is not true, please be aware
    that brings the risk of danger to their health or the health of others.