[Antianginal therapy '95].

M Stejfa

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):71-77

The submitted review deals with contemporary possibilities of antianginal treatment. After a brief account of pathophysiological and morphological data in different types of cardiac ischaemia and angina pectoris the author submits algorithms which should be the basis for therapeutic decisions. It is a question of proper timing of invasive examinations leading to revascularization operations in relation to medicamentous treatment. The latter is supplementary treatment before or after revascularization, or is the main approach in case of minimal complaints, in case of contraindicated invasive treatment or in case of an inoperable finding. The author...

[Anticoagulation therapy in patients with valve defects].

J Chlumský, P Potuzník

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):78-81

Thromboembolic episodes are the most frequent complication in patients with valvular defects or valvular prostheses. Introduction of anticoagulant treatment led to a marked drop of these complications, while haemorrhage became a serious problem in their care. When deciding on anticoagulant treatment it is important to evaluate not only the basic disease but also risk factors of thromboembolism in individual patients. The authors emphasize also procedures during operations, pregnancy, embolization or haemorrhage in patients treated with anticoagulants.

[Corotenol, its effectiveness and tolerance in light of new studies].

O Uhlír

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):82-85

The effectiveness and tolerance of Corotenol of Mepha Co. was investigated in two studies under conditions of common ambulatory practice of specialists in internal medicine and general practitioners in patients suffering from mild to moderate hypertension and/or ischaemic heart disease. A surprising finding was a high percentage of patients with an inadequately controlled blood pressure before enlistment into the study. During regular check-up examinations already after two weeks a marked reduction or normalization of the blood pressure, was recorded, in the majority of patients. The author assumes that in addition to the effectiveness of the administered...

[Therapeutic approaches in patients after myocardial infarct].

J Hradec

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):86-92

[Pharmacodynamics of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors].

R Dzúrik, A Oksa, V Spustová

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):93-97

ACEI form a group of antihypertensives which inhibit the angiotensin II (A II) production and thus not only reduce the blood pressure but exert also a positive metabolic and antiproliferative effect (A II is a proliferative hormone). They are therefore indicated nowadays in the treatment of essential and secondary hypertension, left-ventricular hypertrophy, chronic heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, insulin resistance and other disorders. Despite intensive studies we still do not know many, in particular mediated effects, of ACEI but these drugs have become one of the key groups in therapy.

[24-hour ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension: the effectiveness of enalapril therapy].

J Siegelová, B Fiser, J Dusek

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):98-101

The aim of the present paper was to study 24-h blood pressure profile in twenty patients with essential hypertension (mild to moderate) before and after treatment with ACE inhibitor enalapril in one day dose in the morning (15.6 +/- 6.1 mg). 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was examined after 14 days of placebo administration and after one month of enalapril therapy. Enalapril treatment decreased systolic blood pressure of 11.3 mmHg during daytime and of 9.4 mmHg at night, diastolic blood pressure of 6.1 mmHg during daytime and 5.8 mmHg at night, all differences were significant in comparison to placebo (p < 0.01). The through-peak ratios...

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy. Is the trough-peak ratio the determining factor?].

J Widimský

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):102-105

The author describes the assessment of the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs according to the T-P (Trough-Peak) ratio, i.e. the effect at the end of the dosage period to the effect during its peak after subtraction of the placebo effect. He draws attention to methodological difficulties which make it so far difficult to compare data from the literature. It is, however, advisable in clinical practice of the treatment of hypertension to assess the blood pressure at the end of the dosage period rather than during the peak of effectiveness, as frequently practiced. Drugs with a long biological half-life are particularly useful. The most important...

[Diuretics in the treatment of hypertension].

R Dzúrik, V Spustová, J Aghová

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):106-109

Diuretics are basic antihypertensives indicated in essential and secondary hypertension. Their pharmacodynamics is well known, their therapeutic spectrum is wide, their tolerance is excellent, the cost/benefit is lowest among all contemporary antihypertensives and after re-evaluation of the safety of small doses, diuretics have come to their revival.

[Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the treatment of arterial hypertension].

K Horký

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):110-113

[Ulfamid Krka (famotidine) in monotherapy of peptic ulcer].

O Shonová, P Petr

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):114

[Antibiotics in the treatment of acute pancreatitis].

J Spicák

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):115-116

[Aminosalicylates in the treatment of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease].

K Lukás

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):117-119

[Cholelithiasis--introduction to its problems].

M Brodanová

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):120-121

[Conservative treatment of cholelithiasis].

Z Marecek

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):122-124

[Present status of shock wave lithotripsy and dissolution in the treatment of cholecystolithasis and choledocholithiasis].

J Benes, J Chmel, C Stuka, O Blazek

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):125-127

[Endoscopic therapy of choledocholithiasis].

V Dufek

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):128-129

[Osteomalacia].

J Kocián

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):130-132

Osteomalacia is a metabolic bone disease caused by deficiency of vitamin D or its active metabolites. Despite a very typical X-ray picture and laboratory finding, it is very poorly diagnosed in the field and thus not treated. This may be due to its atypical clinical picture and also because this disease is frequently omitted in diagnostic considerations. After assessment of the diagnosis the vitamin D treatment or treatment with its metabolites is rapid and successful moreover these substances have also an immunomodulating and anabolic effect.

[Empirical antimicrobial therapy of respiratory infections].

J Musilová

Vnitr Lek 1996, 42(2):133-135

Respiratory infections cause a significant morbidity and mortality. Ideally, the treatment should be directed against the identified pathogen and its sensitivity to antibiotics. In many situations, however, the pathogen is unknown and the infections are treated empirically. Author briefly reviews the current empirical therapeutical recommendations based on the age of patient, comorbidity and the type of infection (acute bronchitis, exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia, nosocomial pneumonia and pneumonia in immunocompromised patients.