Vnitřní lékařství, 1998 (roč. 44), číslo 1
[Ultrasonographic diagnosis of parathyroid glands].
M Tajtáková, D Hancinová, V Gonsorcíková
Vnitr Lek 1998, 44(1):3-7
Enlarged parathyroid glands are, if their localization is typical behind the thyroid gland, during basic USG examination with 5 MHz to 10 MHz using a linear probe, hypoechogenic or anechogenic, larger than 0.5 cm, oval in shape, elongated in a cranoiocaudal direction, separated from the thyroid gland. During swallowing they move upwards. Such a picture may be simulated also by enlarged lymph nodes, sympathetic ganglia a cranked vessel or oesophagus. By using coloured Doppler sonography in the algorithm of examinations the percentage of falsely positive findings may decline. Between 90 degrees and 270 degrees the vascular arch is sought which is formed...
[Lipoprotein(a)--a risk factor for coronary sclerosis in patients with hypothyroidism].
S Oravec, D Oravec, H Dieplinger
Vnitr Lek 1998, 44(1):8-12
In a group of patients with developed primary hypothyroidism the authors investigated in a longitudinal eight-month trial the effect of hormonal substitution therapy with thyroxine (T4) on the serum concentration of lipids, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein (a)--risk factors for the development of early coronary sclerosis. In some patients--"responders"--gradually euhormonosis, normolipaemia are induced and clinical symptoms of hypothyroidism receded. In the second group of patients with hypothyroidism, so-called "non-responders" (n = 5) after eight months substitution treatment with thyroxine the anticipated effect does not occur and the investigated...
[Fluvastatin in patients after heart transplantation].
L Spinarová, J Toman
Vnitr Lek 1998, 44(1):13-16
Hyperlipoproteinaemia is one of the frequent posttransplantation problems. Administration of statins is complicated in patients after transplantation by concurrent imunosuppressive treatment, in particular by possible undesirable interaction with cyclosporin. In the presented study 15 patients after transplantation of the heart with hyperlipoproteinaemia were examined who were on a standard triple combination of immunosuppressive drugs. Fluvastatin was administered, 20 mg in the evening, and in intervals of 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after the onset of treatment the levels of cholesterol, LDL and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine,...
[Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (antiGAD-Ab) in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)].
E Martinka, J Straková, A Ocenásová, D Pullmannová, J Petrisková, N Mácková, L Sutarík, P Galajda, D Baláz, J Kerný, L Vladár, M Mokán
Vnitr Lek 1998, 44(1):17-22
AIM OF STUDY: To assess the prevalence of markers of autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).SUBJECTS: 127 hospitalized NIDDM patients subdivided to the following subgroups: non-obese with C-peptide < 0.3 nmol/l (NIDDM-(-)), non-obese with C-peptide > 0.3 nmol/l (NIDDM-(+)), obese with C-peptide < 0.3 nmol/l (NIDDM+(-)) and obese with C-peptide > 0.3 nmol/l (NIDDM2+). METHODS AND MEASURED PARAMETERS: Age, BMI, C-peptide, autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (antiGAD-Ab), autoantibodies to islet cells (ICA), markers of specific cellular immunity CD4, CD8,...
[Fatty acid and cholesterol crystals in bone marrow smears of oncology patients].
Z Churý, J Drbal, J Kalabis, J Kleinová, J Peprla, H Frånková
Vnitr Lek 1998, 44(1):23-26
In 50 haematological-oncological and oncological patients the authors found in bone marrow smears fatty acid and liquid cholesterol crystals. The number of crystals of fatty acids does not correlate directly with the triacylglycerol serum levels. Similar findings were recorded also in haematological patients.
[Recurrent spontaneous dislocation of the catheter in a venous vascular access port system].
P Zák, V Maisnar, A Lojík, M Tauchman
Vnitr Lek 1998, 44(1):27-29
The authors describe the problem of spontaneous changes of the position of the catheter in venous vascuports with a cannula inserted via the vena subclavia or internal jugular vein into the vena cava superior, used most frequently for repeated administration of chemotherapy. The correct position of the catheter is important in the venous port system for the proper function of the whole system. During dislocation of the catheter the function is impaired to a varying extent and the number of inflammatory and thrombotic complications increases and dislocations beyond the venous system lead to extravasal administration of the drug. Possible diagnosis of...
[Pitfalls in treatment with oral antidiabetic agents].
J Perusicová
Vnitr Lek 1998, 44(1):30-35
In the treatment of type 2 diabetes (NIDDM) we possess three groups of oral hypoglycaemic drugs: sulfonyl urea derivatives, biguanides (metformin) and alpha-glucosidase (acarbose) inhibitors. Oral treatment of diabetes has a favourable impact on the patients metabolic deviations but it involves also certain dangers and pitfalls. The side-effects of oral antidiabetics can be reduced to a minimum by respecting consequentially contraindications of administration of different preparations, knowledge of their mechanism of action and individual selection of a suitable antidiabetic for every patient.
[Intracoronary stents today].
P Cervinka, J Sťásek, V Pidrman
Vnitr Lek 1998, 44(1):36-41
The authors present an integrated view on the role of stents in different indications in patients with IHD from the aspect of recently published or presented randomized trials.
[Endothelial cells and leukocytes--significance of adhesion interactions].
J Krejsek, O Kopecký
Vnitr Lek 1998, 44(1):42-45
Interactions between endothelial cells, adherence of endothelial cells to the molecules of extracellular matrix, adhesion of leukocytes and platelets to the activated endothelial cell lining are mediated by adhesion molecules belonging into four families: immunoglobulins, integrins, selectins, and cadherins. Adhesion interactions mediate intercellular signaling. Soluble forms of adhesion molecules modulate adhesion interactions. The determination of soluble adhesion molecules in blood is used for indirect evaluation of function or dysfunction of endothelial cells. It is possible to modulate abnormal function of endothelial cells using monoclonal antibodies...
[Cardiology in the United Kingdom].
J Kovác, Z Slavík
Vnitr Lek 1998, 44(1):46-49
The authors describe the contemporary postgraduate system of cardiology in Great Britain with regard to the unification of criteria for specialization in the European Union and discuss opportunities of doctors from the Czech Republic to join this postgraduate system.
[Left ventricular remodeling in arterial hypertension and its therapy].
J Dúbrava
Vnitr Lek 1998, 44(1):50-56
Left ventricular (LV) hypertensive remodeling has polymorphic character with broad spectrum of its geometry. Echocardiographically it is simply possible to distinguish 4 LV remodeling types: normal geometry, concentric remodeling, eccentric hypertrophy and concentric hypertrophy. In an overview article morphological, functional and prognostic characteristics of remodeled hypertensive LV are presented. Most adverse prognosis as regards cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality is in LV concentric hypertrophy. As to the current knowledge LV hypertrophy regression can be considered for potential aim of the management of arterial hypertension, independent...